Explosive-engine.



R. W. COFFEE.

EXILOSIVE ENGINE.

I V APPLIOATIO'N'I'ILED MAYF, 190B. :RENEWED MAR. 20,1909. V 1 923,491.Patented June 1, 1909.

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' WITNESSES; INVENTOR M: 4 a Pwberl W Lbfiee.

R. W. COFFEE. EXPLOSIVE ENGINE. APPLIOATION FILED MAY a, 1908. RENEWEDMAR. 20,1909.

Patented June 1,1909.

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. Specification.

"UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT W. COFFEE, OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA, ASSIGN OR TO LEWIS M. KEIZER,OF BALTI- V MORE, MARYLAND.

EXPLOSIVE-ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Batented. June 1, 1909.

lpplicafion filed .Iay 8, 1908, Serial No. 431,647. Renewed Hatch 20,1909; 7 Serial N 0. 484,805.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT W. COFFEE, residing at Richmond, in thecounty of Henrico and State of Virginia, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Explo 1s a sive-Engines, of which the followingMy invention relates to certain new useful and provements in themechanical construction of twocylinder explosive engines ofthe typedisclosed in my co-pendingap-J llcation filed on even date herewith,Serial o. 431,646, and in its generic nature, my

'- present invention seeks to provide a twocyhnder engine of the typeabove specified, so constructed as to embody the maximum strength with aminimum amount of material, and'so arranged and designed that thevarious parts may be easily and cheaply manufactured, and the enginewill effectively serve its intended purposes.

More subordinately, my invention includes an improved construction ofcylinder, water-l jacketing means forthe same,.a -nd a watercooledlexhaust means for the cylinder, to-:

details of construcgether with those other tlon, combination andarrangement of parts,

' which will be hereinafter fully described, and

then be specifically pointed out in the appended claims, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, in which:-

Figure 1, is a side elevation of a two cylinder en e embodying myinvention. Fig. 2-, is a p an view thereof. Fig. 3, is a transversesection on the line 33 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4, is a horizontal section on theline 4-4 of Referring now to the accompanying drawiu s, in which likeletters and numerals of re erence indicate like parts in all of thefigures, l designates the bed of the engine which also forms the crankcase, and in bearings in which the crank shaft 6 is journaled.

of the engine.-

22 represent the working cylinders, on the outside of which a pair ofspaced flanges 2-2 ,-the flanges 22 being provided with-grooyes on theirperipheral surfaces to receive a thin plate 3 tofforr'n an exhaustchamber 2, between the plate and the'flanges 2 -2 It will be noticedparticularly by reference to Fig. 4 of the drawings that the exhaustchamber 2 of one cylinder does not go continuously around the same, butis of semi-annular form, and the exhaust chambers of the two cylindersare kept separate by a partition wall 2 between the two cylinders, thetwo cast together in a singlecasting. inder 2 is provided with a seriesof semiannularly arranged piston controlled exhaust ports 2 whichcommunicate between the explosion chamber of the cylinder 2, and theexhaust chamber 2, the exhaust from the engine passing from the chamber2 through a passage 9? to a main exhaust outlet 9 foreach of thecylinders from which the exhaust may be piped to any desired place.The'pair of cylinders is also provided with a casing 4 that surroundsthe same and is-held in peripheral grooves in flanges 2 and 2respectively of the engine cylinder to form a water jacket for theexhaust chamber 2" and for the explosion chamber of the cylinder, as aclearly indicated in Fig. 3 of the drawings. The cylinder is providedwith an explosion chamber 2 cooperating with the piston chamber 2* andin communication, with the inlet port 11 and the supplemental exhaustport 10, hereinafter again referred to.v The passage of the exhaustthrough the ports 10? Y 1s controlled by a valve 10 on each cylinderwhich is spring pressed to its closed position and opened through themedium of a lever 10 for "each cylinder fulcrumed at- 10 to a fixedsupport on the engine. The lever 10 is operated throu h a rod 1O by alever 10 and a cam 10" an the cam 10 is formed on the cam shaft 10 thatis geared with the crank shaft 6 as shown, by gears 1O and 10respectively, it being understood that each i of the valves of each ofthe cylinders has a separate operating mechanism and the cams are sotimed that the explosion occurs in one cylinder while a new charge isdrawn into the other cylinder. lever 10 friction roller 10*, or in anyother approved manner. The inlet port bf the cylinder communicatesthrough a pipe 11 with a'double valved chamber 11 into which the workingagent is passed, as is also the compressed air from a suitable storagereservoir. The inlet" Q ports of each cylinder, that is to say, the pipe.110

cylinders being,

Each cyl- The cam 1t) operates on the through the medium of an anti" 11from the carbureter to the Working agent valve 13 vof one cylinder maybe directly connected to another cylinder by a T-con-' 'nection with thepipe that-runs'to the car b'ureter, as indicated in Fig. 3, of thedrawings. 1n the same manner, the pipe 12 of one engine cylinder may beconnected with thatof the other, and a T-c-onnection made with the pipefrom the compressed air reservoir, the pipe from the compressed airreservoir being indicated by the letter of reference 12. The inlet port1 1 of the cylinder coinmunicates through a pipe 11" with a double valvechamber -1 1 that receives the Working agent from the carbureter pipe,through the medium of the'valve inlet that is controlled by the valve13'wl1ic'h valve is normally spring pressed to its closed position. Thevalve 13 closes thepassage 1]. from the connection 13 that comes fromthe cylinder.

A suitable air reservoir or pump is rovvide-d (not shown in thedrawings) in w 'ch closed by the air valve'1'2 that is spring pressedbya spring 12 to itsclosed position, the chaimber 12 communicating throughthe valve aperture with the chamber 11'", so that compressed air may beadmitted into the working cylinder at times. The valvev 12 is openedthrough themedium off a rod 12 operated by a lever 12. fulcrumed at 12and carr inganti-friction rollers 12 if desired, the ever 12 beingoperated by a cam 12 on a shaft 12 that is geared by gears 12 and 12 tothe crank shaft 6. The cam 12 is provided with a pair of cam members 12and 12 that cooperate'with anti-friction r'ollers 12 to operate thelever 12 at predetermined times and open the valve 12.

Each of the cylinders of my two'cylinder engines operates on thefour-cycle type, that is to say, the four stroke cycle, drawing in a newcharge on the first stroke of the cycle,

compressing during the second stroke of the cycle, operating under theexploded charge during the third stroke of the cycle and exhaustingthrough-the positively operated'air exhaust valve during the fourthstroke. The first stroke of one cylinder commences with the third strokeof the other so that the crank of one cylinder will beset 180 from thatof the other cylinder, or they may be set on quarters, if desired.

In operation, the description of the operation of one cylinder will besui'licient, as that of the other cylinder is precisely the same.

The piston 5 draws in a new charge during the first stroke through thevalved opening 13 that is in connection with the carbureter, it beingunderstood that the new charge of working agent is rich in gasolene. Asthe 1 piston 5 reaches the limit of its first stroke soon as the pistonhas reached-"t movement on its fourth stroke t iwill'begin downwardly,in drawing in the new charge, and starts on its back stroke or secondstroke, to compress such new charge, as soon as the piston has closedthe exhaust port 2 the air 1 valve 12- is opened. by thecam 12 for aninstant,-to permit the compressed air from the tank to enter the-workingagent cylinder in backof the new charge and impart an initialcompression thereto 'as well as admitting sufficient air to reduce therichness of the mixture toits proper chemical proportion. As the pistoncontinues on its second stroke and again returns to its initialposition, at the top of the cylinder, it will have compressed the I newcharge fully and the new charge is now exploded, forcing the piston downagain on from-whence it is conveyed to the passage 9? and exhaustopening 9 to any desired place.

The pistonthen starts on its fourth stroke to force out the remainder ofthe burned mixture'and as the piston starts on its fourth, or

upper stroke, the valve 10 will be opened and remain open during thefull fourth stroke of the piston. As the piston nears the end of itsfourth or exhausting stroke the air valve 12 will open for a limitedtime by the action ofthe cam 12 to permit the compressed air beingforced into the explosion chamber and scavenge the remaining-burnedmixture. As he limit of the cycle over again,'and conti-n 'e on so longas the engine is running. a

The jackets 3 and 4am sec ed in place by having their edges 3 and 4respectively, wedgedrin'to the peripheral grooves of the fianges of thecylinder by means of wedges 3 'and 4 orin any other approved 11 :1 r, sothatthe exhaust 2 which receives the hottest 'art of the burned mixturewill be surroun ed by water and water cooled.

Suitable inlet and ofi-take pipes 4* and 4 are provided for the waterjacket by means of which water may be circulated there-' through.

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, it is thought the complete construction, operation andv advanages of my invention will be readily understood by those skilled in theart to which the invention appertains. WVhat I claim is l. In an engine,a pairof cylinders having spaced peripheral flanges and formed'in one, aclosure plate heldin peripheral grooves in said flanges to inclose anexhaust chamber, said cylindershaving ports from the explosion chamberto the exhaust. chamber, and means formed with the cylinders to separatecharge to pass into the exhaust chamber 2 sion chamber to the exhaustchamber, means formed with the cylinders to separate the exhaust chamberintoseparate sections one for each cylinder, anda water jacketsurrounding the cylinders and the exhaust chambers.

3. In an engine, a pair of working cylinders formed together and havinga pair of spacedperipheral flanges, a cover therefor to form an exhaustchamber around said cylinders, means for dividing saidchamber into twoseparate parts, said cylinders each having a series of exhausts arrangedin semi-circles and communicating between the respective exhaust chambersections'and the interior of .the respective cylinders, and a waterjacket surrounding the 'cylinders and exhaust chamber.

4. In an explosive engine, a pair of cylinders formed together, a basetherefor, a crank shaft mounted in bearings in said ease, and having acrankto cooperate with each of said cylinders, a pistonfor eachcylinder, a pistonrod connecting each cylinder with its respectivecrank, each cylinder having a valved controlled exhaust port, a valvedpiston controlled exhaust ports, and

working agent inlet for each of said cylin ders, an exhaust chambersurrounding said piston controlled exhaust into which the .exhaustempties, said chamber surrounding said cylinders for one-half theircircumference and said cylinders having a partition to separate theexhaust chambers into two sections one for each cylinder, and independent off-takes for each exhaust chamber section.

5. In an explosive engine, a pair of cylinders formed together, a basetherefor, a crankshaft mounted in hearings in said base, and having acrank to cooperate with each-of said cylinders, a piston for eachcylinder, a piston rod connecting each cylinder with its respectivecrank, each cylinder having piston controlled exhaust ports, and avalved controlled exhaust port, a valved working' agent inlet for eachof said cylinders, an exhaust chamber surrounding said piston controlledexhaust into which the exhaust empties, said chamber surrounding saidcylinders for one-half their circumference and said cylinders having apartition to separate the exhaust chambers into two sections one foreach cylinder, and independent off-takes for each exhaust chambersection, and a single water jacket surrounding both cylinders of theexhaust chamber thereof.

ROBERT W. COFFEE. Witnesses:

J. A. HILLEARY, Jr., RAYMOND L. ZIEGLERQ

